Bolts are the most fundamental fasteners in mechanical engineering and industrial manufacturing. They achieve reliable connection and fixation between components by using the external threads of the bolt to engage with a nut or internal threaded hole, applying an axial pre-tensioning force. Their classification is primarily based on three dimensions: strength performance, structural characteristics, and functional use. By strength grade, they can be divided into ordinary bolts and high-strength bolts to meet different load requirements; by head and thread structure, they include types such as hexagonal head, internal hexagonal, countersunk head, and full-threaded bolts, adapting to different installation spaces and assembly methods; and by functional use, they encompass structural connection bolts, anchor bolts, expansion bolts, and bolts for special environments, serving multiple industrial fields such as construction, machinery, transportation, and energy. Correct bolt selection requires comprehensive consideration of load characteristics, environmental conditions, and assembly processes to ensure the safety, stability, and long-term performance of the connection system.