Fasteners and rivets are fundamental components crucial for connecting mechanical parts. Fasteners (such as bolts and screws) are typically removable and rely on threaded engagement to provide fastening force; rivets (such as solid rivets and blind rivets) form permanent, non-removable connections through plastic deformation. The two differ significantly in structural design, load-bearing capacity, and manufacturing requirements, and are widely used in aerospace, rail transportation, electronic equipment, and steel structure engineering, playing a decisive role in the safety, reliability, and lightweight design of products.